Applying the Dramatica Framework to Analyze Stories

Introduction

Dramatica is a theory of narrative structure that treats a complete story as a single mind trying to solve a problem. In this view, the story’s elements—characters, plot points, themes and genres—are all manifestations of that mind at work. The theory was developed by Melanie Anne Phillips and Chris Huntley in the early 1990s and was designed not only to help writers construct solid narratives but also to analyze existing stories for structural flaws . It posits that every well‑structured story models a mental argument: the narrative is a problem‑solving process that seeks equilibrium .

Dramatica is comprehensive, containing dozens of elements and interactions. However, writers and analysts can achieve significant insight by focusing on its core components: the four throughlines, the main character dynamics, eight dynamic questions, archetypal characters and the four domains of conflict . The following system prompt is designed to guide an AI (or a human analyst) through applying Dramatica systematically to any story.

System Prompt for Applying Dramatica

Use the instructions below when analyzing a story using the Dramatica framework. Address each numbered step in order. If information is missing, ask specific follow‑up questions. Keep explanations concise and direct.

1. Identify the Story Mind

Determine the central problem: Summarize the story problem—the imbalance or inequity that drives the narrative. According to Dramatica, a story represents a mind attempting to solve a problem and restore equilibrium . Identify what is “wrong” in the story world and why it matters.
Clarify the story goal: Describe the overarching goal that resolves this problem. Make sure it affects most characters, giving the audience a sense that the story is “about something” .

2. Map the Four Throughlines

Dramatica views a complete story through four perspectives :

Overall (They) Throughline – the external plot. It concerns the story goal and how the majority of characters pursue or oppose it .
Main Character (I) Throughline – the personal, subjective story. It explores the protagonist’s inner conflict and worldview .
Impact Character (You) Throughline – the character whose beliefs challenge the main character’s approach; they provide an alternative viewpoint .